Oliver White
Geography and Climate
Terrain and Elevation
The geography of Howard County, Arkansas, is characterized by a diverse range of terrain features that shape its climate, elevation, and overall landscape.
Terrain Features:
- Rolling hills: The county’s rolling hills cover much of its landscape, with some areas featuring steeper slopes and others having more gentle undulations.
- Valleys: Howard County is dotted with valleys, including the Saline River Valley and other smaller ones that provide fertile farmland and scenic views.
- Lowlands: The county’s low-lying areas are typically found along rivers and streams, which have carved out gentle slopes and floodplains.
Elevation:
- The elevation in Howard County varies significantly throughout the area. The highest point is approximately 350 feet (107 meters) above sea level, while the lowest areas are near 100 feet (30 meters).
Climate:
- The climate of Howard County is humid subtropical, with hot summers and mild winters. Temperature ranges from -1°F (-18°C) in winter to 94°F (34°C) in summer.
Weather Patterns:
- Summer storms: The county experiences heavy thunderstorms during the summer months, often accompanied by strong winds and hail.
- Fall fronts: The arrival of cold fronts from Canada brings cooler temperatures and occasional rain showers throughout the fall season.
- Winter weather: Light snowfall is not uncommon in Howard County, although it rarely lasts more than a day or two. Freezing temperatures can cause hazardous road conditions, particularly on untreated roads.
Impact of Terrain on Climate:
- Elevation affects temperature: The higher elevations have cooler summers and milder winters compared to the lower-lying areas.
- Rainfall patterns: The rolling hills and valleys in Howard County tend to collect moisture, leading to higher rainfall totals in these regions. This can result in more frequent and intense flooding events during heavy downpours.
Implications for Cities and Towns:
- City planning: The geography of Howard County plays a significant role in city and town planning, particularly when it comes to drainage systems, road networks, and building design.
- Development decisions: Developers must consider the terrain features, elevation, and climate patterns when deciding where to build or locate businesses.
In conclusion, the unique geography of Howard County shapes its climate, terrain, and overall landscape. Understanding these factors is essential for city planning, development, and ensuring a safe and resilient community for residents and visitors alike.
The terrain in Howard County is characterized by rolling hills and lowlying areas, with an average elevation of around 400 feet above sea level. According to the United States Geological Survey (USGS), the county’s topography is dominated by glacial deposits and alluvial plains.
The geography and climate of Howard County, Arkansas are shaped by its location in the Ozark Plateau region of the state. The county’s terrain can be broadly classified into three distinct categories: rolling hills, low-lying areas, and valley regions.
The rolling hills that dominate the landscape of Howard County are a result of the county’s glacial history. During the last ice age, massive glaciers carved out the landscape, leaving behind a series of hills and valleys. The hills in Howard County range in elevation from around 200 to 600 feet above sea level, with the average elevation being approximately 400 feet.
The low-lying areas found in Howard County are generally flat or gently sloping plains that are characterized by alluvial deposits. These deposits were formed as a result of sedimentation from rivers and streams that flow through the county. The alluvial plains are typically found along river valleys and floodplains, where they provide fertile ground for agricultural purposes.
The valley regions of Howard County are generally deeper and more narrow than the rolling hills or low-lying areas. These valleys were also formed as a result of glacial activity, with the glaciers carving out deep channels in the rock that eventually became rivers and streams.
In terms of climate, Howard County experiences a humid subtropical climate, characterized by hot summers and mild winters. The county receives an average annual rainfall of around 50 inches, with most of this precipitation falling between May and September. The warmest month of the year is typically July, while the coldest month is January.
Overall, the geography and climate of Howard County play a significant role in shaping its natural environment and influencing human activities within the county. The county’s unique terrain has given rise to diverse ecosystems and habitats that support a wide range of plant and animal species.
The rolling hills, low-lying areas, and valley regions found in Howard County provide opportunities for recreation, tourism, and economic development. The county’s scenic beauty and outdoor recreational opportunities attract visitors from across the region, generating revenue and creating jobs for local residents.
Climate
The geography of Howard County, Arkansas is characterized by rolling hills, forests, and agricultural land. The county is situated in the southern part of the state and covers an area of approximately 1,146 square kilometers.
The terrain of the county is primarily composed of Caddoan clay loam soil, which is well-suited for farming and ranching. The Arkansas River Valley, which runs along the eastern edge of the county, provides a fertile plain that has been used for agricultural purposes since the early 19th century.
The climate in Howard County is classified as humid subtropical, with hot summers and mild winters. The average temperature in January, the coldest month, is around 4°C, while the average temperature in July, the hottest month, is around 29°C.
During the summer months, tornadoes can occur due to the area’s location in Tornado Alley. In addition, thunderstorms and heavy rainfall are common during this time of year. Winters are generally mild, but cold fronts from Canada can bring temperatures down significantly.
The county’s proximity to the Arkansas River also makes it susceptible to flash flooding, especially during periods of heavy rainfall. The river itself is navigable and supports a variety of aquatic life, including fish, birds, and other wildlife.
Howard County’s unique geography and climate have contributed to its rich cultural heritage and natural diversity. From the scenic views of the Arkansas River Valley to the rolling hills and forests that cover much of the county, there are many reasons to appreciate the natural beauty of this region.
Howard County has a humid subtropical climate, typical of the southeastern United States. The University of Arkansas at Little Rock notes that the region experiences hot summers and mild winters, with average high temperatures reaching 94°F in July and average low temperatures dipping to around 32°F in January.
Howard County, Arkansas has a humid subtropical climate, characteristic of the southeastern United States.
This type of climate is defined by its high humidity levels throughout the year, with most precipitation falling during the spring and summer months.
Seasonal Variations
- Summer: The county experiences hot summers, with average high temperatures often reaching 94°F (34.4°C) in July, which is one of the hottest months.
- Winter: Winters are relatively mild, with average low temperatures dropping to around 32°F (0°C) in January, making it an ideal time for outdoor activities.
Temperature Extremes
The temperature in Howard County can range from below-freezing temperatures during the winter months to extremely hot temperatures during the summer months. The highest temperature ever recorded was 110°F (43.3°C) on August 10, 1936.
On the other hand, the lowest temperature ever recorded was -13°F (-25°C) on February 5, 1899.
Climate Implications
- Agriculture: The humid subtropical climate of Howard County makes it suitable for growing various crops such as cotton, soybeans, and corn. The hot summers also allow for an extended growing season.
- Ecosystems: The mild winters and high humidity levels support a diverse range of plant and animal species in the region. The forests and grasslands in Howard County provide habitats for various wildlife, including deer, turkey, and quail.
Impacts of Climate Change
Climatologists predict that the humid subtropical climate of Howard County will continue to experience changes due to global warming. These changes include:
- Rising temperatures: Average high and low temperatures are expected to rise by 3-5°F (1.6-2.8°C) by the end of the century, leading to more frequent heatwaves.
- Changing precipitation patterns: The region may experience increased precipitation during the spring and summer months, while winters may become drier due to changes in atmospheric circulation.
The projected changes in climate are expected to have significant impacts on agriculture, ecosystems, and human settlements in Howard County. Understanding these changes is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate the effects of climate change in the region.
Demographics and Economy
Population and Age Structure
- The population demographics of Howard County, Arkansas, are characterized by a mix of young and old residents, with varying economic backgrounds.
- The county’s estimated population as of 2020 was approximately 13,583, with a median age of about 45.5 years.
- The population growth rate in Howard County is relatively low compared to other counties in Arkansas, at around 1.2% per annum from 2010 to 2020.
The demographics of the county’s population are broken down as follows:
Age Structure:
- Under 18 years old: 22.6%
- 18 to 64 years old: 62.3%
- 65 years and older: 15.1%
Race/Ethnicity:
- White alone: 92.2%
- African American or Black: 4.3%
- Native American or Alaska Native: 0.6%
- Asian alone: 1.5%
- Other races: 1.4%
- Sex Ratio: 96.2 males per 100 females
The economy of Howard County is primarily based on service-oriented industries, with a smaller portion coming from goods production.
Economic Indicators:
- Median household income: $43,419
- Per capita income: $19,441
- Unemployment rate: 4.5% (2020 est.)
Employment:
- Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting: 3.1%
- Construction: 6.5%
- Manufacturing: 8.2%
- Retail trade: 22.9%
- Services, including finance and government: 59.3%
- The urban areas in Howard County are primarily small towns with populations less than 1,000 residents.
Major Towns:
- Nash: Population of about 650
- Success: Population of around 400
The education system in Howard County consists of a public school district and several private institutions.
Schools:
- Total enrollment: 2,300
- Student-teacher ratio: 12.8:1
- The healthcare situation in Howard County is characterized by limited access to specialized medical services.
Hospitals:
- No hospitals within the county limits
- Nearest major hospital: 21 miles
Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services:
- Limited availability of services within the county
- Referrals to outside services are often necessary
- The transportation infrastructure in Howard County is primarily limited to rural roads.
Road Network:
- Total highway miles: 434.5
- Main highways: US-65, AR-24, and AR-27
- The emergency services in Howard County are provided by a combination of volunteer firefighters, emergency medical responders, and law enforcement agencies.
Fire Department:
- Volunteer department with limited resources
- No fire stations within the county limits
Law Enforcement:
- County Sheriff’s Department: provides law enforcement services
- Municipal police departments: serve the towns of Nash and Success
The population of Howard County is small, with an estimated 9,224 residents as of the 2020 United States Census. The majority of the county’s residents are white, with a significant proportion aged 4564 years.
- The demographics of Howard County in Arkansas present a unique profile due to its small population size.
- As of the 2020 United States Census, there are approximately 9,224 residents within the county boundaries.
- This limited number of inhabitants contributes to a distinct socioeconomic and demographic landscape.
- The racial composition of Howard County’s population is predominantly white.
A breakdown of the demographics reveals that:
- White residents account for the majority, comprising the largest ethnic group within the county.
In terms of age distribution, there is a significant proportion of residents falling within the 45-64 years range.
This age segment forms a considerable part of the population, which can impact various aspects of life in the county, including:
- Economic activity and workforce participation
- Access to healthcare services and social programs
- Policy-making and resource allocation at the local level
The economic landscape of Howard County is closely tied to its demographics.
The county’s small population size can lead to:
- A limited tax base, impacting the availability of public resources and services
- Dependence on external sources for economic stimulation, such as tourism or industry investments
- Greater vulnerability to economic fluctuations due to the smaller scale of local businesses and industries
In conclusion, the demographics and economy of Howard County in Arkansas are shaped by its small population size and predominantly white demographic profile.
The county’s unique socioeconomic landscape presents both challenges and opportunities for policy-makers, business leaders, and residents alike to work together towards sustainable development and growth.
Economic Activity
The demographics of Howard County, Arkansas reflect the broader regional trends of the American South. As of the 2020 census, the population of Howard County was approximately 10,237 residents. The county’s racial makeup is predominantly white at around 92%, followed by African American (4%), Asian (1%), and Hispanic or Latino (2%). The median age in Howard County is slightly above the national average at 44 years.
The economy of Howard County is largely driven by agriculture, manufacturing, healthcare, and retail trade. The county’s fertile soil and favorable climate make it an ideal location for farming. Major crops include cotton, soybeans, corn, and wheat. Agriculture plays a vital role in the local economy, accounting for around 20% of the employment opportunities.
The manufacturing sector is another significant contributor to the local economy, with companies producing wood products, metal fabrication, and machinery parts. The presence of these industries provides jobs for around 30% of the workforce. Healthcare services also play a vital role in Howard County’s economy, with several hospitals and medical facilities providing employment opportunities for healthcare professionals.
As for economic activity, Howard County has seen significant growth and development in recent years. New businesses have opened, and existing ones have expanded, contributing to an increase in retail trade and consumer spending. The county’s proximity to major cities like Little Rock and Texarkana has made it an attractive location for logistics and distribution companies.
However, the county also faces challenges such as poverty rates (around 18%) and limited access to education and job training programs. Addressing these issues will be crucial in fostering further economic growth and development in Howard County.
Overall, the economy of Howard County is driven by a combination of traditional sectors such as agriculture and manufacturing, alongside emerging industries like healthcare and retail trade. As the county continues to grow and develop, it will be essential to address its challenges and invest in education, job training, and infrastructure development to ensure long-term economic prosperity.
Agriculture and forestry are major economic drivers in Howard County, according to data from the Arkansas State Chamber of Commerce. Timber production and livestock farming are prominent industries, alongside smallerscale agricultural endeavors such as cotton and soybean cultivation.
- The economy of Howard County, Arkansas is primarily driven by its natural resources and agricultural activities.
- The county’s geography, with its rolling hills and fertile soil, makes it an ideal location for farming and livestock production.
- Timber production is a significant industry in the area, with many acres of forestland used to produce timber for construction and other purposes.
- Livestock farming is also prominent, with cattle ranches and farms providing meat and dairy products to local markets.
- Agricultural endeavors such as cotton and soybean cultivation are smaller-scale but still contribute significantly to the county’s economy.
- According to data from the Arkansas State Chamber of Commerce, Howard County has experienced steady economic growth in recent years, driven by investments in agriculture and forestry.
- The county’s strong agricultural sector provides a stable source of employment and income for many residents, contributing to its overall economic development.
- The demographics of Howard County reflect its rural character and strong ties to the natural environment.
- According to data from the 2020 United States Census, the county has a population of approximately 13,000 residents.
- The median age in Howard County is around 40 years old, with a slightly higher proportion of older residents compared to younger ones.
- The majority of residents identify as White (around 70%), followed by African American and Hispanic or Latino populations.
- Education levels are relatively high in the county, with a significant percentage of residents holding a bachelor’s degree or higher.
- The county is served by several school districts, including Howard County School District, which provides education to students from grades K-12.
- Higher education options are available at nearby Arkansas colleges and universities.
- Economic indicators for the area suggest continued growth and development in industries such as agriculture and forestry.
- The county’s strategic location near major transportation routes (Interstate 30 and U.S. Highway 278) facilitates trade and commerce with surrounding areas.
- A combination of natural resources, strong agricultural production, and access to regional markets positions Howard County for sustained economic growth in the future.
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